A Copula-Based Meta-Stochastic Frontier Analysis for Comparing Traditional and HDPE Geomembranes Technology in Sea Salt Farming among Farmers in Phetchaburi, Thailand

This study analyzed sea salt production and compared the technical efficiency level technology gap between traditional High-Density Polyethylene Geomembranes (HDPE GMB) in Phetchaburi province using a copula-based meta-stochastic frontier technique. A total sample size of 250 was chosen, comprising 195 farmers 55 HDPE GMBs farmers. Several copula families were used to analyze dependence structure two error components best-fit meta-frontier model Gaussian copulas. Land, labor, fuel energy are most significant input variables with translog function. Compared production, average technological GMB 0.69 0.77, respectively, meaning is more technically efficient than technology. The identified that land, market price, sex, experience contributing inefficiency factors for production. For found be factors. performance farming suggests public private sector agencies should promote greater access this